Saying goodbye to hopes: Kazakhstan oil sector on verge of collapse

01.12.2025

Kazakhstan authorities' multi-vector policy has led the country's oil industry to a situation similar to zugzwang (a position in chess where any move is disadvantageous), or a deadlock. The economic stagnation is caused by the fact that, on the one hand, the Republic must adhere to agreements with Russian firms, while on the other, it must comply with the anti-Russian...